How to Remove Limescale from Bathroom Taps, Showers and Glass

Limescale is the white or yellowish residue left on taps, showers and glass after water has evaporated. To remove it without using highly aggressive cleaners, soften the deposit with white vinegar, then complete the job with gentle mechanical action, always taking account of the material and finish of each surface.

Why does limescale build up in the bathroom?

Hard water has high levels of calcium and magnesium salts. As droplets dry on metal, sanitaryware and glass, some of these minerals remain attached, forming a dull film that thickens over time.

Build-up is especially common around water outlets, at the base of taps and on shower enclosure areas exposed to splashes. The longer the crust is left dry, the more effort it will usually take to loosen.

• Whitish marks on glass;
• Crusts around tap spouts;
• Loss of shine on metal fittings;
• Partially blocked showerhead holes;
• Stains that return once the water evaporates.

How does white vinegar soften deposits?

Vinegar is acidic enough to react with some mineral deposits. For light marks, place a dampened cloth over the affected area for a few minutes before rinsing. On taps with special coatings, natural stone and acid-sensitive surfaces, it is essential to check the manufacturer’s guidance and test first on an inconspicuous spot.

What is the correct way to use aluminium foil?

Once the item has been washed with mild washing-up liquid and the crust has softened, a loosely scrunched ball of aluminium foil can be moved gently over durable, compatible metals. Keep the area wet throughout, as rubbing when dry increases the chance of marking the finish.

This method of removing mineral stains with aluminium foil should only be used on metal fittings that have been tested beforehand. For a glass shower enclosure, the safer choice is a microfibre cloth or non-abrasive sponge, particularly if the glass is frosted, screen-printed, etched or has a protective film.

• Wash first with water and mild washing-up liquid;
• Apply white vinegar only to compatible materials;
• Leave it to work for a few minutes, without allowing it to dry;
• Keep the surface wet while rubbing;
• Use gentle movements and stop if the shine changes;
• Rinse thoroughly and dry with a microfibre cloth.

Should vinegar and bicarbonate of soda be used together?

There is no need to combine the two ingredients in the same container, as the reaction between vinegar’s acid and bicarbonate of soda reduces some of the effectiveness of both. Vinegar is better suited to softening acid-compatible mineral deposits, whereas a bicarbonate of soda paste can work as a mild abrasive on durable surfaces, provided it is tested first and not rubbed forcefully.

How can you stop stains from returning quickly?

The most effective preventative measure is to remove water before it evaporates. Using a small squeegee on the shower enclosure and drying taps, controls and metal bases with a soft cloth reduces the minerals left on surfaces.

Weekly cleaning with mild washing-up liquid also stops thin layers from becoming difficult-to-remove crusts. By combining regular drying, bathroom ventilation and care suited to each finish, the mineral deposit will no longer build up for weeks around the shower, taps and glass.